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USS Atlanta (CL-51)
USS ''Atlanta'' (CL-51) of the United States Navy was the lead ship of the of 8 light cruisers. She was the third Navy ship named after the city of Atlanta, Georgia. Designed to provide anti-aircraft protection for US naval task groups, ''Atlanta'' served in this capacity in the naval battles Midway and the Eastern Solomons. ''Atlanta'' was heavily damaged by Japanese and friendly gunfire in a night surface action on 13 November 1942 during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. The cruiser was sunk on her captain's orders in the afternoon of the same day.
''Atlanta'', in some works, is designated CLAA-51 because of her primary armament as an Anti-Aircraft cruiser. Hence, all of the ''Atlanta''-class ships are sometimes designated as ''CLAA''. However, her entire battery of guns were dual-purpose (DP) guns, and were capable of being used against both air and surface targets, able to fire anti-aircraft, high-explosive and armor-piercing shells.
The ''Atlanta''-class ships were lightly armored, making them poor surface combatants compared to a typical light cruiser. In terms of armament, the ''Atlanta'' class was closer to a destroyer, being armed with 5" guns, than a light cruiser, which were generally equipped with 6" guns; but at well over 500 feet in length, and combined with their large battery of 16 guns (reduced to 12 in later ships of the class), they were designated as light cruisers. Typical destroyers of the time only carried five or six 5-inch guns. Despite being under-armored for light cruisers, they had thicker armor than destroyers, which were notoriously underprotected.
==Construction and Commissioning==
The first of the new class of ships was laid down on 22 April 1940 at Kearny, New Jersey, by the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., launched on 6 September 1941, sponsored by Margaret Mitchell (author of ''Gone with the Wind''), and commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 24 December 1941, Captain Samuel P. Jenkins in command.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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